I think you may have to upgrade the PSE processing in full mode. According to this manual if you can not execute POE commands as successfully (as I can see when you try to enable PoE on an interface), this means your PSE Processing software is damaged, you need to upgrade it in full-mode.
Upgrading PSE Processing Software in Service
You can upgrade the PSE processing software in service in either of the following two modes:
l refresh mode
This mode enables you to update the PSE processing software without deleting it. Normally, you can upgrade the PSE processing software in the refresh mode through the command line.
l full mode
This mode deletes the PSE processing software and reloads it. If the PSE processing software is damaged (in this case, you can execute none of PoE commands successfully), you can upgrade the PSE processing software in full mode to restore the PSE function.
In-service PSE processing software upgrade may be unexpectedly interrupted (for example, an error results in device reboot). If you fail to upgrade the PSE processing software in full mode after reboot, you can power off the device and restart it before upgrading it in full mode again. After upgrade, restart the device manually to make the new PSE processing software take effect.
Follow these steps to upgrade the PSE processing software in service:
To do…
Use the command…
Remarks
Enter system view
system-view
—
Upgrade the PSE processing software in service
poe update { full | refresh } filename
Required