It seems that downgrading to 6.1.2.3-2.0.0.4_32946 does actually fix this problem. Since I don't need any 6.1.3.1 features right now, this isn't a big deal.
To be more specific, the traffic that isn't making it onto the wireless network (or between wireless hosts) in 6.1.3.1 is the IPv6 multicast traffic (ethernet 33:33:xx:xx:xx:xx).
Redacted configuration:
version 6.1.2.0-2.0.0
virtual-controller-country US
virtual-controller-key XXX
name nofocus
virtual-controller-ip 192.168.4.6
syslog-server 192.168.4.1
terminal-access
ntp-server 192.168.4.1
clock timezone Pacific-Time -08 00
rf-band all
allow-new-aps
allowed-ap XXX
allowed-ap YYY
allowed-ap ZZZ
arm
wide-bands 5ghz
a-channels 36+,44+,149+,157+
g-channels 1,6,11
min-tx-power 18
max-tx-power 127
band-steering-mode prefer-5ghz
air-time-fairness-mode fair-access
client-aware
scanning
syslog-level warn ap-debug
syslog-level warn network
syslog-level warn security
syslog-level warn system
syslog-level warn user
syslog-level warn user-debug
syslog-level warn wireless
mgmt-user admin XXX
wlan ssid-profile FreePublicWifi
index 0
type employee
essid FreePublicWifi
wpa-passphrase XXX
opmode wpa2-psk-aes
vlan 103
rf-band all
captive-portal disable
dtim-period 1
inactivity-timeout 1000
broadcast-filter none
wlan ssid-profile CostlyPublicWifi
index 1
type employee
essid CostlyPublicWifi
opmode opensystem
vlan 102
rf-band 2.4
captive-portal disable
dtim-period 1
inactivity-timeout 1000
broadcast-filter none
enet-vlan guest
wlan access-rule default_dev_rule
index 0
rule any any match any any any deny
wlan access-rule FreePublicWifi
index 1
rule any any match any any any permit
wlan access-rule CostlyPublicWifi
index 2
rule any any match any any any permit
wlan external-captive-portal
server localhost
port 80
url "/"
auth-text "Authenticated"
ids classification
ids
wireless-containment none